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Reference of (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Long-term trends in tobacco use assessed by wastewater-based epidemiology and its relationship with consumption of nicotine containing products. Author is Zheng, Qiuda; Gartner, Coral; Tscharke, Benjamin J.; O’Brien, Jake W.; Gao, Jianfa; Ahmed, Fahad; Thomas, Kevin V.; Mueller, Jochen F.; Thai, Phong K..

Measurement of population tobacco use via wastewater-based epidemiol. (WBE) provides objective data to evaluate the efficacy of tobacco control strategies. However, current WBE tobacco-use estimates based on nicotine metabolites (cotinine and hydroxycotinine) can be masked by use of non-tobacco nicotine-containing products. To better understand nicotine and tobacco use, we analyzed tobacco-specific biomarkers, anabasine and anatabine, as well as nicotine metabolites, cotinine and hydroxycotinine, in wastewater samples collected for 6 wk per yr over 6 years (2012-2017) from an Australian wastewater treatment plant serving approx. 100,000 people. Significant annual declines were observed for anabasine, anatabine, cotinine and hydroxycotinine of -3.0%, -2.7%, -2.4%, and -2.1%, resp. The results corresponded with the annual declining trends reported from surveys (-5%) and taxation statistics (-4%). Significant annual decreases in the ratios of anabasine to cotinine (-1.2%) and anatabine to cotinine (-1.0%) suggested a relative increase in the use of non-tobacco nicotine products at the same time that tobacco use was declining. Monitoring tobacco use with anabasine and anatabine removed influence from nicotine-containing products, showing larger reductions in this Australian city than via nicotine biomarkers, while also demonstrating their suitability for monitoring long-term trends.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

COA of Formula: C10H14N2. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Comparison of cigarette, little cigar, and waterpipe tobacco smoke condensate and e-cigarette aerosol condensate in a self-administration model. Author is Marusich, Julie A.; Wiley, Jenny L.; Silinski, Melanie A. R.; Thomas, Brian F.; Meredith, Steven E.; Gahl, Robert F.; Jackson, Kia J..

This study evaluated the reinforcing effects of aqueous solutions of smoke/aerosol condensate from cigarettes, little cigars, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), and waterpipe tobacco in a self-administration procedure to determine if abuse liability of these tobacco products differed. Following nicotine dose-effect assessment (1, 7.5, 15, and 30μg/kg/infusion), rats were given access to smoke/aerosol condensate derived from their assigned tobacco product. Rats responded for smoke/aerosol condensate containing 1, 7.5, 15, and 30μg/kg/infusion nicotine, with the ratio of nicotine:non-nicotine constituents held constant across doses for each tobacco product. Responding for nicotine or smoke/aerosol condensate was also assessed on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement. Cigarette, little cigar, and e-cigarette smoke/aerosol condensates shifted the nicotine dose-effect curve leftward, whereas waterpipe tobacco smoke condensate shifted the dose-effect curve rightward. Smoke/aerosol condensate from all tobacco products produced similar levels of responding compared to nicotine alone during the progressive ratio phase. Results suggest that non-nicotine constituents in cigarettes, little cigars, and e-cigarettes differentially enhance nicotine’s reinforcing potency. In contrast, waterpipe tobacco blunted nicotine’s reinforcing potency, suggesting that it may contain unique constituents that dampen nicotine’s reinforcing effects.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Investigation of the possible pharmacologically active forms of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist anabaseine, the main research direction is nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist anabaseine pharmacol active form; acetylcholine; alkaloid; anabaseine; bipyridyl; cholinergic; nicotine; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; ring-chain tautomerism; toxin.Electric Literature of C10H14N2.

Three major forms of the nicotinic agonist toxin anabaseine (cyclic iminium, cyclic imine and the monocationic open-chain ammonium-ketone) co-exist in almost equal concentrations at physiol. pH. We asked the question: Which of these forms is pharmacol. active. First, we investigated the pH dependence of anabaseine inhibition of [3H]-methylcarbamylcholine binding at rat brain α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). These experiments indicated that one or both monocationic forms interact with the orthosteric binding site for ACh. However, since they occur at equal concentrations near physiol. pH, we employed another approach, preparing a stable analog of each form and examining its agonist activities and binding affinities at several vertebrate brain and neuromuscular nAChRs. Only 2-(3-pyridyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine monohydrogen chloride (PTHP), the cyclic iminium analog, displayed nAChR potencies and binding affinities similar to anabaseine. The cyclic imine analog 2,3′-bipyridyl and the open-chain ammonium-ketone analog 5-methylamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-pentanone (MAPP), displayed ≤1% of the activity predicted if the one form was solely active. The lower potency of weakly basic 2,3′-bipyridyl can be explained by the presence of a small concentration of its monocationic form. Since the open chain ammonium-ketone monocationic form of anabaseine has some structural similarity to the neurotransmitter GABA, we also tested the ability of anabaseine and its 1,2-dehydropyrrolidinyl analog myosmine to activate a mammalian GABAA receptor, but no activity was detected. We conclude that the monocationic cyclic iminium is the form which avidly binds and activates vertebrate nAChRs.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine( cas:494-52-0 ) is researched.Electric Literature of C10H14N2.Godage, Nipunika H.; Cudjoe, Erasmus; Neupane, Rabin; Boddu, Sai HS.; Bolla, Pradeep Kumar; Renukuntla, Jwala; Gionfriddo, Emanuela published the article 《Biocompatible SPME fibers for direct monitoring of nicotine and its metabolites at ultra trace concentration in rabbit plasma following the application of smoking cessation formulations》 about this compound( cas:494-52-0 ) in Journal of Chromatography A. Keywords: biocompatible solid phase microextraction nicotine metabolite blood smoking cessation; Biocompatible SPME; Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Nicotine; Rabbit plasma; Smoking cessation. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:494-52-0).

The ultra-trace determination of nicotine and its 4 major metabolites (cotinine, nornicotine, norcotinine and anabasine) from rabbit plasma was achieved by a newly developed solid phase microextraction-liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry method. Extraction of the target analytes was performed with hydrophilic/lipophilic balance-polyacrylonitrile SPME fibers. Dual fiber extraction was necessary to guarantee improved recovery at parts-per-trillion levels. Liquid chromatog. anal. was achieved in a 6-min run using a C18 (1.9μm C18, 50 mm x 2.1 mm) column with a mobile phase flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Tandem mass spectrometry was used for detection and quantification in pos. electrospray ionization (ESI+) mode for all the targeted analytes. Two stable isotope-labeled internal standards were used for signal correction and accurate quantification. The mass spectrometer with laminar flow ion flux transport, guaranteed improved signal stability, minimal contamination of the ion guide and reproducibility into the first quadrupole analyzer. The method was validated in line with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for bioanal. method validation. The results met the acceptance criteria as proposed by the FDA: accuracy was tested at 0.35, 10 and 75μg L – 1 and ranged between 98.3-112.2% for nicotine, 94.1-101.9% for cotinine, 94.7-107.0% for nornicotine, 81.1-107.2% for norcotinine and 94.3-115.2% for anabasine, with precision up to 14.2%. Stability tests indicated that all the targeted analytes were stable in the desorption solution for at least 1 wk. LOQs ranged from 0.05 to 1μg L-1. The method was successfully applied to analyze plasma samples obtained from rabbits following transdermal application of a smoking cessation formulation loaded with solid lipid nanoparticles containing a nicotine-stearic acid conjugate.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, CAS is 32780-06-6, about A ring-expansion route to analogs of dideoxyhydantocidin, the main research direction is dideoxy hydantocidin spirocyclic nucleoside preparation; dihydrofuranyllithium addition azetidinedione; hydroxy lactam acid catalyzed rearrangement.Reference of (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one.

The acid-catalyzed rearrangement of hydroxy β-lactam, formed by addition of the enantiopure dihydrofuranyllithium to N-benzyl-2,3-azetidinedione, has been investigated as a potential route to spirocyclic nucleosides.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

HPLC of Formula: 494-52-0. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Synthesis and structured N-acyl and thiourea derivatives citizine and anabazine.

This work presents the results of studies on the chem. transformation of the alkaloids mols. anabasine and cytisine to obtain their N-cinnamoyl derivatives (N-cinnamoylanabasine, N-cinnamoylcytisine), as well as possible ways for their further modification. The optimal conditions for the preparation of N-cinnamoylcytisine and N-cinnamoylanabasine in the acylation reactions of alkaloids with cinnamoyl chloride are considered. Hydrazinolysis of the resulting N-cinnamoylcytisine and N-cinnamoylanabasine was carried out. It was shown that the interaction of acrylamide derivatives of alkaloids (N-cinnamoylanabasine, N-cinnamoylcytisine) with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol leads to the formation of the corresponding pyrazole derivatives (N-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)anabasine, N-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)cytisine) resulting from the intramol. cyclocondensation of hydrazones of N-cinnamoyl derivatives By the interaction of cinnamoylisothiocyanate with the above alkaloids (anabasine, cytisine), new thiourea derivatives (N- cinnamoylaminothiocarbonylanabasine, N- cinnamoylaminothiocarbonylcytisine) are synthesized.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

COA of Formula: C5H8O3. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, CAS is 32780-06-6, about Chirospecific synthesis of (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-5-amino-4-hydroxypentanoic acid from L- and D-glutamic acid via (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-5-hydroxy-2-oxopiperidine. Author is Herdeis, C..

(S)-H2NCH2CH(OH)CH2CH2CO2H [(S)-I] was prepared stereospecifically from L-glutamic acid in 6 steps. Thus, L-glutamic acid was converted to lactone II (R = CO2H), which was reduced by H3B.S(Me)2 to give II (R = CH2OH), which was O-mesylated and then treated with NaN3 to give II (R = CH2N3). The latter was hydrogenated over Pd/C to give piperidine III, which was cleaved by aqueous Ba(OH)2 to give (S)-I. (R)-I was prepared analogously from D-glutamic acid.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine(SMILESS: C1(C=NC=CC=1)[C@@H]1CCCCN1,cas:494-52-0) is researched.COA of Formula: C5H8O3. The article 《Simultaneous determination of multiple components in cigarettes by mechanochemical extraction and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry in minutes》 in relation to this compound, is published in Analytica Chimica Acta. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:494-52-0).

A simple, rapid and high throughput anal. approach with combination of mechanochem. extraction (MCE) and direct anal. in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) anal. was developed for the simultaneous determination of multiple chem. components in cigarette fillers. Different kinds of substances including nicotine, cigarette alkaloids, carbohydrates, organic acids, humectants and other additives were successfully extracted using MCE and detected by high resolution DART-MS. Six solvents of various polarities were compared during MCE process and significant differences were observed Different brands of cigarettes as well as standard research cigarette exhibited distinctive chem. features and DART-MS fingerprints. Principle component anal. showed clear differentiation among different cigarettes extracted with the same solvent and different solvent extracts of the same type of cigarette. The putative chem. formulas were proposed based on accurate m/z values with <10 ppm mass Errors. The relative contents of nicotine and other identified substances were compared and significant differences were observed among cigarettes of different locations. The whole procedure of MCE combined with DART-MS only takes minutes from raw cigarette fillers to obtaining the semi-quant. results. The operation is simple and high throughput, providing an efficient method to analyze cigarette composition, and to establish a methodol. to acquire the rapid cigarette fingerprints for quality control. There are many compounds similar to this compound(494-52-0)Reference of (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine. if you want to know more, you can check out my other articles. I hope it will help you，maybe you’ll find some useful information.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Name: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, CAS is 32780-06-6, about Two approaches to the enantioselective synthesis of (4R)-(-)-4-hydroxymethyl-4-thiobutyro-1,4-lactone. Author is Zunszain, Patricia A.; Varela, Oscar.

Enantiomerically pure (4R)-4-hydroxymethyl-4-thiobutyro-1,4-lactone [(5R)-dihydro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2(3H)-thiophenone (I)] and derivatives were synthesized by two enantiospecific sequences employing D-ribono-1,4-lactone (II) and L-glutamic acid (III) as chiral templates. The key step in the first approach was the SmI2-promoted 2,3-deoxygenation of a 4-thio-L-lyxono-1,4-lactone derivative, prepared from II. The other strategy, which starts from III, involves the (5S)-dihydro-5-(p-tolylsulfonyloxymethyl)-2-(3H)-furanone (IV) as chiral precursor. This was converted into a 4,5-thiirane derivative via the corresponding 4,5-epoxide. Regioselective opening of the thiirane ring by acetate followed by O-deacetylation gave I (40% overall yield from IV).

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 494-52-0, is researched, SMILESS is C1(C=NC=CC=1)[C@@H]1CCCCN1, Molecular C10H14N2Journal, Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, Drug and Alcohol Dependence called Route of administration effects on nicotine discrimination in female and male mice, Author is Lefever, Timothy W.; Thomas, Brian F.; Kovach, Alexander L.; Snyder, Rodney W.; Wiley, Jenny L., the main research direction is Nicotine route of administration behavior; Discrimination; Nicotine; Route of administration; Sex differences.Synthetic Route of C10H14N2.

To provide preclin. models of vaping that incorporate olfactory cues and chemosensory effects (including flavors) that play a role in human vaping behavior, the feasibility of using a modified e-cigarette device for delivery of aerosolized nicotine was examined in a nicotine discrimination procedure in mice. After determination of a s.c. nicotine dose-effect curve, aerosolized freebase nicotine and nicotine-containing tobacco products (i.e., non-flavored and Arctic Blast e-liquids) were evaluated. Nicotine dose-dependently substituted in mice of both sexes, although females showed less sensitivity and greater variability. By contrast, aerosolized nicotine, regardless of formulation, produced concentration-dependent increases up to maximum of 46-62% nicotine-associated responding. Brain nicotine concentrations for each sex were similar for s.c. 0.75 mg/kg nicotine and 30 mg/mL freebase nicotine. Mice of both sexes readily acquired s.c. nicotine discrimination, but females showed less sensitivity. Further, all three formulations of aerosolized nicotine produced increases in nicotine-like responding in mice of each sex. However, the maximum magnitude of these increases did not engender a similar degree of substitution as s.c. 0.75 mg/kg nicotine, despite similar brain concentrations of nicotine at 30 mg/mL aerosolized nicotine. Addnl. research is needed for determination of the reason(s); however, results here demonstrate initial feasibility for examination of the discriminative stimulus effects of vaped drugs such as nicotine.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI