Tag: M.W:100-200

Okabe, Masami; Sun, Ruen Chu; Tam, Steve Y. K.; Todaro, Louis J.; Coffen, David L. published the article 《Synthesis of the dideoxynucleosides “”ddC”” and “”CNT”” from glutamic acid, ribonolactone, and pyrimidine bases》. Keywords: dideoxycytidine; cytidine dideoxy; deoxycyanothymidine; thymidine deoxycyano; crystal structure cyanohydroxymethyltetrahydrofuranone; mol structure cyanohydroxymethyltetrahydrofuranone.They researched the compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one( cas:32780-06-6 ).Recommanded Product: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:32780-06-6) here.

2,3-Dideoxyribose in suitably protected form was prepared from L-glutamic acid and coupled with silylated cytosine to give a mixture of the α- and β-anomers of 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine. The anomer ratio depended on the Lewis acid used in the coupling, with EtAlCl2 favoring the β-anomer ddC (I), a potent anti-HIV drug. Conjugate addition of cyanide to a 4-[(silyloxy)methyl]butenolide prepared from D-ribonolactone gave a mixture of (racemic) α- and β-3-cyanobutyrolactones. Both isomers were reduced to lactols and coupled with thymine to give α/β-anomer pairs. The α-cyano lactone, the structure of which was established by x-ray crystallog. of II, afforded an authentic sample of the putative (but in fact inactive) anti-HIV substance known in AIDS research as CNT (III).

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Related Products of 494-52-0. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Determination of nicotine-related impurities in nicotine pouches and tobacco-containing products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Author is Avagyan, Rozanna; Spasova, Maya; Lindholm, Johan.

Smokeless tobacco products and nicotine-containing tobacco-free oral pouches have increased in popularity in recent years. They are associated with far fewer health hazards compared to cigarettes. Nicotine pouches are filled with non-tobacco filler and nicotine. The nicotine used in nicotine pouches usually comes from the extraction of tobacco; thus, related alkaloids may be found as impurities at low levels. Moreover, nicotine degradation products are formed because of microbial action, flavor oxidation, exposure to high temperatures, etc. Currently, there are no published or recommended methods for the anal. of nicotine degradants in nicotine pouches. Here, we present a sensitive and selective liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of seven nicotine-related impurities. All seven analytes and corresponding deuterated internal standards were separated within 3.5 min, including 1 min equilibration. The method was fully validated, showing good linearity with correlation coefficients >0.996 for all analytes, good extraction yields ranging from 78% to 110%, limits of detection between 0.08 and 0.56 μg/g and limits of quantification between 0.27 and 2.04 μg/g. Although the method was mainly developed to determine the degradants of nicotine in nicotine pouches, it was validated and performed well on a broader range of tobacco-containing products.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, CAS is 32780-06-6, about Stereospecific synthesis of (+)-muricatacin: a biologically active acetogenin derivative. Part 14, the main research direction is muricatacin stereoselective preparation configuration; configuration absolute muricatacin annonacin.Reference of (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one.

(4S,5S)- And (4S,5R)-(+)-muricatacin (I) and some analogs were synthesized without ambiguity about the absolute configuration at the stereogenic centers. [α]D Values show that natural I is an enantiomeric mixture with slight excess of (4R,5R)-I. The absolute configuration of annonacin was derived to be 15R,16R,19R,20R. I had lower cytotoxicity than various acetogenins from Annona muricata.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 494-52-0, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, about Non-nicotine constituents in e-cigarette aerosol extract attenuate nicotine’s aversive effects in adolescent rats, the main research direction is nicotine conditioned taste aversion E cigarette aerosol adolescence; Adolescents; Conditioned taste aversion; Electronic cigarettes; Nicotine; Non-nicotine tobacco constituents.Product Details of 494-52-0.

Development of preclin. methodol. for evaluating the abuse liability of electronic cigarettes (ECs) in adolescents is urgently needed to inform FDA regulation of these products. The goal of this study was to compare the aversive effects of nicotine alone and EC aerosol extracts in adolescent rats as measured using conditioned taste aversion (CTA), which can be conducted during the brief adolescent period. In Experiment 1, nicotine alone (1.0 or 1.5 mg/kg, s.c.) produced significant CTA in adolescent rats in a two-bottle procedure, thereby establishing a model to study the effects of EC extracts At a nicotine dose of 1.0 mg/kg, CTA to Vuse Menthol EC extract, but not Aroma E-Juice EC extract, was attenuated compared to nicotine alone during repeated two-bottle CTA tests (Experiment 2a). At a nicotine dose of 0.5 mg/kg, CTA to Vuse Menthol EC extract did not differ from nicotine alone during the first two-bottle CTA test but extinguished more rapidly across repeated two-bottle tests (Experiment 2b). Non-nicotine constituents in Vuse Menthol EC extracts attenuated CTA in a two-bottle procedure in adolescents. This model may be useful for anticipating the abuse liability of ECs in adolescents and for modeling FDA-mandated changes in product standards for nicotine or other constituents in ECs.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 32780-06-6, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, about New synthesis of (S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2(5H)-furanone, a multipurpose synthon, the main research direction is furanone hydroxymethyl chiral synthon; synthon chiral hydroxymethylfuranone; isopropylideneglyceraldehyde condensation tertiarybutyl lithioacetate; absolute configuration hydroxyhydroxymethyltetrahydrofuranone silylated.Synthetic Route of C5H8O3.

The title compound I, a versatile chiral synthon and its tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy ether were prepared from isopropylideneglyceraldehyde II in 5 and 4 steps, resp., via 2-deoxy-D-ribolactone intermediates.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Related Products of 32780-06-6. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, CAS is 32780-06-6, about Synthesis of new optically active bis- and tris(phosphines). Author is Brunner, Henri; Lautenschlager, Hans Juergen.

The synthesis of new optically active alkanediylbis- e.g.; Ph2PCH2CH2CH(PPh2)CH2PPh2 and alkanetriyltris(diphenylphosphines) e.g., Ph2P(CH2)3CH(PPh2)CH2OMe is described. Easily accessible optically pure lactones and carboxylic acids are reduced to the alcs., tosylated and reacted with LiPPh2 to give the corresponding phosphines.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Application In Synthesis of (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about A pharmacological comparison of two isomeric nicotinic receptor agonists: the marine toxin isoanatabine and the tobacco alkaloid anatabine. Author is Xing, Hong; Keshwah, Sunil; Rouchaud, Anne; Kem, William R..

Many organisms possess “”secondary”” compounds to avoid consumption or to immobilize prey. While the most abundant or active compounds are initially investigated, more extensive analyses reveal other “”minor”” compounds with distinctive properties that may also be of biomedical and pharmaceutical significance. Here, we present an initial in vitro investigation of the actions of two isomeric tetrahydropyridyl ring-containing anabasine analogs: isoanatabine, an alkaloid isolated from a marine worm, and anatabine, a relatively abundant minor alkaloid in com. tobacco plants. Both compounds have a double bond that is distal to the piperidine ring nitrogen of anabasine. Racemic isoanatabine and anatabine were synthesized and their S- and R-enantiomers were isolated by chiral high pressure liquid chromatog. (HPLC). Both isoanatabines displayed higher efficacies at α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) relative to the anatabines; R-isoanatabine was most potent. Radioligand binding experiments revealed similar α4β2 nAChR binding affinities for the isoanatabines, but R-anatabine affinity was twice that of S-anatabine. While the two anatabines and S-isoanatabine were highly efficacious agonists at α7 nAChRs, R-isoanatabine was only a weak partial agonist. The four compounds share an ability to stimulate both α4β2 and α7 nAChRs, a property that may be useful in developing more efficacious drugs to treat neurodegenerative and other medical disorders.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine( cas:494-52-0 ) is researched.Quality Control of (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine.Scharenberg, Friederike; Stegemann, Thomas; Cicek, Serhat Sezai; Zidorn, Christian published the article 《Sequestration of pyridine alkaloids anabasine and nicotine from Nicotiana (Solanaceae) by Orobanche ramosa (Orobanchaceae)》 about this compound( cas:494-52-0 ) in Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. Keywords: Orobanche Nicotiana anabasine nicotine anatabine nornicotine root Germany. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:494-52-0).

Plants of the root holoparasite Orobanche ramosa L. and four of its potential host species, Nicotiana glauca Graham, Nicotiana rustica L., Nicotiana sylvestris Speg. & S.Comes, and Nicotiana tabacum L., grown in the greenhouse in Kiel/Germany, were analyzed for their contents of pyridine alkaloids anabasine (1) and nicotine (2). All investigated samples contained both alkaloids in different amounts The distribution of the alkaloids in the various plant organs of Nicotiana differed significantly between the species. The alkaloid contents of the Orobanche samples relative to the alkaloid contents of the roots of the resp. host plants varied between 3.47 ± 1.08 and 28.8 ± 37.5%. Orobanche plants drain water and crucial nutrients from their hosts; also, some examples for the sequestration of specialized natural products have been reported. O. ramosa is not able to synthesize pyridine alkaloids anabasine (1) and nicotine (2) itself; therefore, the present study proves the sequestration of pyridine alkaloids by O. ramosa from the four investigated Nicotiana host species.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Computed Properties of C10H14N2. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for simultaneous detection of nine alkaloids in tobacco and tobacco products by QuEChERS sample preparation. Author is Li, Xintong; Liu, Fang; Wang, Huifang; He, Fan; Yang, Rui; Zhao, Mingqin.

One method based on QuEChERS sample preparation is presented in this study, which leads to simultaneously detect nine alkaloids in tobacco and tobacco products. Nicotine, nomicotine, myosmine, N-Me anabasine, β-nicotyrine, anabasine, anatabine, isonicotenine and cotinine can all be found in fresh tobacco leaves, cigars, Virginia-type and blended-type cigarettes. The samples were purified via a certain proportion of adsorbents consisting of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, PSA and carbon after extracting, then centrifuged and filtered before analyzing by GC-MS. The matrix effects were all among 88 – 105%. The limit of detection of all were within the range of 0.0065 – 0.1509 μg/g and limit of quantification were among 0.0217 – 0.5031 μg/g. The recovery rates were higher than 89%. This is the first time that the QuEChERS sample preparation method has been applied for tobacco alkaloids, where more varieties of alkaloids could be quantified regarding sensitivity and reproducibility.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Automated Solid Phase Extraction and Polarity-Switching Tandem Mass Spectrometry Technique for High Throughput Analysis of Urine Biomarkers for 14 Tobacco-related Compounds.Safety of (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine.

Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of premature disease and death in the United States. Approx., 34 million U.S. adults currently smoke cigarettes. We developed a method for automated sample preparation and liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry quantitation of 14 tobacco-related analytes: nicotine (NICF), cotinine (COTF), trans-3′-hydroxycotinine (HCTF), menthol glucuronide (MEG), anabasine (ANBF), anatabine (ANTF), isonicoteine (ISNT), myosmine (MYOS), beta-nicotyrine (BNTR), bupropion (BUPR), cytisine (CYTI), varenicline (VARE), arecaidine (ARD), and arecoline (ARL). The method includes automated solid-phase extraction using customized pos.-pressure functions. The preparation scheme has the capacity to process a batch of 96 samples within 4 h with greater than 88% recovery for all analytes. The 14 analytes, separated within 4.15 min using reversed-phase liquid chromatog., were determined using a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer with atm.-pressure chem. ionization and multiple reaction monitoring in neg. and pos. ionization modes. Wide quantitation ranges, within 1.2-72,000 ng/mL, were established especially for COTF, HCTF, MEG, and NICF to quantify the broad range of biomarker concentrations found in the U.S. population. The method accuracy is above 90% while the overall imprecision is below 7%. Finally, we tested urine samples from 90 smokers and observed detection rates of over 98% for six analytes with urinary HCTF and MEG concentrations ranging from 200-14,100 and 60-57,100 ng/mL, resp. This high throughput anal. process can prepare and analyze a sample in 9 min and along with the 14-compound analyte panel can be useful for tobacco-exposure studies, in smoking-cessation programs, and for detecting changes in exposure related to tobacco products and their use.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI