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In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Diastereoselective synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted tetrahydrofuran derivatives, published in 2000-09-22, which mentions a compound: 32780-06-6, mainly applied to diastereoselective synthesis THF, Application In Synthesis of (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one.

5-Substituted lactol I was converted to 2,5-disubstituted THF derivatives by a Lewis acid-promoted reaction with allylsilanes. High trans selectivity (12:1) was obtained when hindered allylsilane Me2C:CHCH2SiMe3 was employed. Addnl., 2,5-cis-disubstituted THF derivatives were obtained in good yields and diastereoselectivities after alkyllithium addition to a lactone, followed by Et3SiH/BF3·OEt2 reduction of the corresponding hemiketals.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 6-(Piperazin-1-yl)nicotinonitrile(SMILESS: N#CC1=CN=C(N2CCNCC2)C=C1,cas:149554-29-0) is researched.Application In Synthesis of (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one. The article 《[(S)-γ-(4-Aryl-1-piperazinyl)-L-prolyl]thiazolidines as a novel series of highly potent and long-lasting DPP-IV inhibitors》 in relation to this compound, is published in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:149554-29-0).

In the search for an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) highly potent both in vitro and in vivo, a series of L-prolylthiazolidine-based DPP-IV inhibitors, e.g., I, having 4-arylpiperazine or 4-arylpiperidine at the γ-position of the proline structure was synthesized. Of these compounds, the 4-(5-nitro-2-pyridyl)piperazine analog I showed a sub-nanomolar (IC50 = 0.92 nmol/L) DPP-IV inhibitory activity and a long-lasting in vivo DPP-IV inhibition profile.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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Synthetic Route of C5H8O3. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, CAS is 32780-06-6, about An alternative synthesis of (S)-(+)-γ-hydroxymethyl-γ-butyrolactone from (D)-(+)-mannitol. Author is Takano, Seiichi; Goto, Emiko; Hirama, Michiyasu; Ogasawara, Kunio.

Dioxolane I (R = iodo), obtainable from D-mannitol in 5 steps, was treated with di-Et malonate in DMF in the presence of NaH to give 62.7% I [R = CH(CO2Et)2], which on treatment with equimolar amount of MgCl2 in refluxing AcNMe2 gave 95% title lactone II of excellent optical purity.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《A short and efficient stereoselective synthesis of the potent 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor CMI-977》. Authors are Dixon, Darren J.; Ley, Steven V.; Reynolds, Dominic J.; Chorghade, Mukund S..The article about the compound:(S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-onecas:32780-06-6,SMILESS:O=C1O[C@H](CO)CC1).Electric Literature of C5H8O3. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:32780-06-6) is conveyed.

A short and efficient synthesis of the potent 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor CMI-977 is described using as the key step a stereoselective anomeric oxygen to carbon rearrangement of an alkynyl stannane tetrahydrofuranyl ether derivative mediated by boron trifluoride etherate.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
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Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Analysis of Nicotine and Non-nicotine Tobacco Constituents in Aqueous Smoke/Aerosol Extracts by UHPLC and Ultraperformance Convergence Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.Recommanded Product: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine.

The non-nicotine constituents of tobacco may alter the reinforcing effects of nicotine, but the quant. and qual. profiles of these chems. in tobacco products such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), cigars, and waterpipe tobacco are not well characterized. The objective of this work was to develop and validate anal. methods to utilize saline both as an extraction solvent for smoke condensates from cigarettes, little cigars, and waterpipe tobacco and aerosols from e-cigarettes and as a delivery vehicle of nicotine and non-nicotine constitents for nonclin. pharmacol. studies. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatog. was used to analyze nicotine and acetaldehyde, and a novel ultraperformance convergence chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to analyze anabasine, anatabine, cotinine, myosmine, nornicotine, harmane, and norharmane. Linearity was confirmed for each standard curve with correlation coefficients (r) ≥ 0.99, and relative Errors (RE) for the standards were ≤±10% over the calibration ranges. Method validation was performed by preparing triplicate samples in saline to mimic the composition and concentration of each analyte in the smoke or aerosol condensate and were used to determine method accuracy and precision. Relative standard deviation values were ≤15% and mean RE ≤15% for each analyte at each concentration level. Selectivity of the methods was demonstrated by the absence of peaks in blank vehicle or diluent samples. Storage stability was assessed over ~45 days. Precision (%RSD ≤ 13) and recovery (percent of day 0 ≥ 80%) indicated that the saline formulations of all four products could be considered stable for up to ~45 days at 4-8°C. Therefore, the use of saline both as an extraction solvent and as a delivery vehicle adds versatility and improved performance in the study of the pharmacol. effects of constituents from mainstream smoke and aerosols generated from cigarettes, little cigars, waterpipes, and e-cigarettes.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 6-(Piperazin-1-yl)nicotinonitrile(SMILESS: N#CC1=CN=C(N2CCNCC2)C=C1,cas:149554-29-0) is researched.Recommanded Product: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine. The article 《Identification and SAR of novel pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(2H)-one derivatives as inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1)》 in relation to this compound, is published in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:149554-29-0).

The discovery of a novel series of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(2H)-one PARP inhibitors is described. Optimization led to compounds that display excellent PARP-1 enzyme potency and inhibit the proliferation of BRCA deficient cells in the low double-digit nanomolar range showing excellent selectivity over BRCA proficient cancer cells.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about Thermal desorption-cooled injection system-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of seven kinds of alkaloids and nine kinds of flavor compounds in cigarette.Name: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine.

A novel method for determination of seven kinds of alkaloids (isoquinoline, nicotine, 3-(2-pyrrolidinyl) pyridine nornicotine, myosmine, β-nicotyrine, Anabasine, 2,3′-bipyridine, and anabaseine) and nine kinds of flavor compounds (hydrocoumarin, vanillin, coumadin, Et vanillin, Me vanillin, 7-Me coumarin, 7-methoxycoumarin, 7-ethoxy-4-methylcoumarin, and pyranocoumarin) in cigarette by thermal desorption-cooled injection system coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (TDU-CIS-GC-MS) was developed. By optimizing the conditions such as TDU (time, temperature, and flow rate of helium gas), CIS temperature, vent time and purge time, the cigarette alkaloid compound could be completely thermal desorption, and the volatile alkaloids and coumarin substances were enriched using the cold injection system. A DB-5 MS chromatog. column was used for separation, and a matrix curve external label method was used to quantify the matrix effect under the selected ion monitoring mode (SIM). The results showed that the linear range of 7 kinds of alkaloids and 9 kinds of flavors was 1-500 μg/L, the linear correlation coefficient (R2) was greater than 0.993, and the limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.02-0.50 μg/kg and 0.1-2.0 μg/kg, resp. This method was simple, safe with high sensitivity and accuracy, and suitable for the determination of alkaloids and flavor compounds in cigarette, which was very important for the anal. of complex volatile trace substances in heated non-burning cigarette.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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Synthetic Route of C5H8O3. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, CAS is 32780-06-6, about SmI2 promoted elimination in 5-O-silyl derivatives of D-ribono-1,4-lactone. Author is Zunszain, Patricia A.; Varela, Oscar.

Regioselective silylation of D-ribono-1,4-lactone with 1.1 molar equivalents of tert-butylchlorodiphenylsilane led to the 5-O-silyl derivative (72% yield). The free HO-2 and HO-3 were acetylated or benzoylated to give the products in almost quant. yield. The SmI2-promoted elimination of the 2,3-acyloxy groups was applied to these products. It was proven that the silyloxy group was stable under the reaction conditions, and the butenolide 5-O-tert-butyldiphenylsilyl-2,3-dideoxy-D-glycero-pent-2-eno-1,4-lactone was obtained in over 50% yield. In order to establish its optical purity, the butenolide was hydrogenated and O-desilylated to the (S)-4-hydroxymethyl-1,4-butyrolactone. Alternatively, enantiomerically pure 4-hydroxymethyl-1,4-butyrolactone was prepared from L-glutamic acid. The optical rotations of 4-hydroxymethyl-1,4-butyrolactone from both preparations were very coincident, indicating high optical purity (ee > 05%) for the butenolide.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 494-52-0, is researched, SMILESS is C1(C=NC=CC=1)[C@@H]1CCCCN1, Molecular C10H14N2Journal, Article, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment called Use of the Chemcatcher passive sampler and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to screen for emerging pollutants in rivers in Gauteng Province of South Africa, Author is Rimayi, Cornelius; Chimuka, Luke; Gravell, Anthony; Fones, Gary R.; Mills, Graham A., the main research direction is water pollution Chemcatcher mass spectra South Africa; Chemcatcher®; Emerging pollutants; Pharmaceuticals and personal care products; Screening; Surface water; Time-of-flight mass spectrometry.Product Details of 494-52-0.

Many rivers in urbanized catchments in South Africa are polluted by raw sewage and effluent to anextent that their ecol. function has been severely impaired. The Hennops and Jukskei Rivers lying in the Hartbeespoort Dam catchment are two of the worst impacted rivers in South Africa and are in need of rehabilitation. Passive sampling (Chemcatcher with a HLB receiving phase) together with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry-targeted screening was used to provide high sensitivity and selectivity for the identification of a wide range of emerging pollutants in these urban waters. Over 200 compounds, including pesticides, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, drugs of abuse and their metabolites were identified. Many substances (∼180) being detected for the first time in surface water in South Africa. General medicines and psychotropic drugs were the two most frequently detected groups in the catchment. These accounted for 49% of the emerging pollutants found. Of the general medicines, antihypertensive agents, beta-blocking and cardiac drugs were the most abundant (28%) classes detected. The Hennops site, downstream of a dysfunctional wastewater treatment plant, was the most polluted with 123 substances detected. From the compounds detected, peak intensity-based prioritisation was used to identify the five most abundant pollutants, being in the order caffeine > lopinavir > sulfamethoxazole > cotinine > trimethoprim. This work provides the largest available high-quality dataset of emerging pollutants detected in South African urban waters. The data generated in this study provides a solid foundation for subsequent work to further characterize (suspect screening) and quantify (target anal.) these substances.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
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Chen, Jie; He, Xian; Zhang, Xuyan; Chen, Yi; Zhao, Lu; Su, Jiaen; Qu, Shengbin; Ji, Xinwei; Wang, Tao; Li, Zhenjie; He, Chenggang; Zeng, Erqing; Jin, Yan; Lin, Zhonglong; Zou, Congming published an article about the compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine( cas:494-52-0,SMILESS:C1(C=NC=CC=1)[C@@H]1CCCCN1 ).Category: catalyst-ligand. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:494-52-0) through the article.

Heated tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) products develop rapidly because of its low toxicity. In order to evaluate the industrial applicability of the existing types of characteristic tobacco as raw materials for heated tobaccos, this research ascertained differences in the main chem. compositions in tobacco leaves from different types to establish a relationship between chem. composition and sensory evaluation to select types suitable for producing heated tobaccos. Nine tobacco types (K326, Yunyan 97, Cherry-red tobacco, Han tobacco, Dao tobacco, Tiandeng tobacco, Sun-cured yellow tobacco, fresh-cut tobacco, and aromatic tobacco) planted in Yunnan Province, China were selected. Their sensory quality was evaluated by the method for sensory evaluation of heated tobaccos and chem. composition and content of aroma substances in tobacco leaves were determined In the evaluation of sensory quality of heated tobaccos, the total score of Tiandeng tobacco was significantly higher than those of the other types, followed by Cherry-red tobacco and K326; There were significant differences in chem. composition in the nine tobacco types and the total alkaloid content in Cherry-red tobacco was notably higher than in the other tobacco types. The amounts of total sugar, reducing sugar, and starch in Han tobacco were significantly lower than other types, while the amounts of total nitrogen, potassium oxide, chloride ions, and protein were much higher than in the other tobacco types. The total amounts of polyphenols and aroma compounds in fresh-cut tobacco were significantly higher than in the other tobacco types. The contents of nornicotine, neonicotine, anatabine, and total alkaloid showed a significant pos. correlation with the total sensory evaluation score. The contents of nicotyrine and 2,3-bipyridine were significantly and neg. correlated with the total sensory evaluation score. A remarkable neg. correlation was found between starch content and score on irritation. Furthermore, the amounts of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and total polyphenols were significantly and pos. correlated with the total sensory evaluation score. The amounts of aldehydes and phenolic compounds had a significant neg. correlation, while the amount of olefin compounds had a significant pos. correlation, with the total sensory evaluation score. These chems. in tobacco leaves can be used as in analyses screening of other suitable tobacco types, and as reference standards for selecting tobacco raw materials suitable for high-quality heated tobaccos.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI