Catalyst ligands

Synthetic Route of 1802-30-8, Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 1802-30-8, Name is 2,2′-Bipyridine-5,5′-dicarboxylic acid, molecular formula is C12H8N2O4. In a Article£¬once mentioned of 1802-30-8

Remote control of bipyridine-metal coordination within a peptide dendrimer

The metal coordinating ability of a bipyridine ligand at the core of a peptide dendrimer was found to be controlled by the nature of amino acids placed at the dendrimer periphery, with coordination being promoted by anionic residues and inhibited by cationic residues; heterotrimers with mixed charges were preferentially formed.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Electric Literature of 2390-68-3, Because a catalyst decreases the height of the energy barrier, its presence increases the reaction rates of both the forward and the reverse reactions by the same amount.2390-68-3, Name is N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium bromide, molecular formula is C22H48BrN. In a article£¬once mentioned of 2390-68-3

DNA-surfactant complexes: Self-assembly properties and applications

Over the last few years, DNA-surfactant complexes have gained traction as unique and powerful materials for potential applications ranging from optoelectronics to biomedicine because they self-assemble with outstanding flexibility spanning packing modes from ordered lamellar, hexagonal and cubic structures to disordered isotropic phases. These materials consist of a DNA backbone from which the surfactants protrude as non-covalently bound side chains. Their formation is electrostatically driven and they form bulk films, lyotropic as well as thermotropic liquid crystals and hydrogels. This structural versatility and their easy-to-tune properties render them ideal candidates for assembly in bulk films, for example granting directional conductivity along the DNA backbone, for dye dispersion minimizing fluorescence quenching allowing applications in lasing and nonlinear optics or as electron blocking and hole transporting layers, such as in LEDs or photovoltaic cells, owing to their extraordinary dielectric properties. However, they do not only act as host materials but also function as a chromophore itself. They can be employed within electrochromic DNA-surfactant liquid crystal displays exhibiting remarkable absorptivity in the visible range whose volatility can be controlled by the external temperature. Concomitantly, applications in the biological field based on DNA-surfactant bulk films, liquid crystals and hydrogels are rendered possible by their excellent gene and drug delivery capabilities. Beyond the mere exploitation of their material properties, DNA-surfactant complexes proved outstandingly useful for synthetic chemistry purposes when employed as scaffolds for DNA-templated reactions, nucleic acid modifications or polymerizations. These promising examples are by far not exhaustive but foreshadow their potential applications in yet unexplored fields. Here, we will give an insight into the peculiarities and perspectives of each material and are confident to inspire future developments and applications employing this emerging substance class.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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Self-organization in complexes of polyacids with oppositely charged surfactants

Formation and structure of water-soluble complexes of alkyltrimethylammonium bromide homologues (AlkTAB) with poly(acrylic acid) (PA) of different polymerization degrees at pH 5.7 have been examined by elastic and quasi-elastic laser light-scattering and high-speed sedimentation technique. It was experimentally shown that generation of intramolecular micellar phase is the necessary condition for formation of PA-AlkTAB complexes. Minimum aggregation number of the surfactant ions in the complex micelle was found to be close to that of the surfactant micelles in polymer-free solution. The structure of the polyelectrolyte-surfactant complexes (i.e. a phase state of the complex, conformation of the polyion coil and the surfactant ion aggregation number) was shown to be largely determined by PA polymerization degree. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Chemistry is an experimental science, Quality Control of: N1-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-N1,N2,N2-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 3030-47-5, Name is N1-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-N1,N2,N2-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine

Syntheses, characterization and bioactivities of new copper(II) complexes of N?-[(1E)-1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylidene]pyridine-3-carbohydrazone

Four copper(II) complexes viz. [Cu(PPC)2](CIO4) 2 (1), [Cu(PPC)(bipy)](CIO4)2 (2), [Cu(PPC)(phen)](CIO4)2 (3) and [Cu(PPC)(PMDT)](CIO 4)2 (4) have been synthesized and characterized by various physico-chemical techniques, where PPC = N?-[(1E)-1H-pyrrol-2- ylmethylidene]pyridine-3-carbohydrazone, bipy = 2,2?-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and PMDT = N,N,N?,N?,N?- pentamethylethylenediamine. The spectra of complexes exhibit the usual line spectra for mononuclear copper(II) complexes with g? > g ? > 2.3. Bioactivities (superoxide dismutase, antibacterial and DNA cleavage) of these complexes have also been discussed.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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Spontaneous formation of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid from gamma-butyrolactone in tap water solutions

The spontaneous conversion of gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) to gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in seven different Swedish tap waters was investigated. The waters used in the study were selected to represent the diversity among Swedish tap waters as well as possible, which was enabled by principal component analysis (PCA) of a number of water quality parameters.GBL solutions (5, 25 and 50% v/v) were prepared in each of the tap waters and in deionized water and the formation of GHB was followed over time. The GHB quantifications were made using a CZE method, employing a carrier electrolyte consisting of 25. mM benzoic acid, 54. mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) and 1.7. mM tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB), which was developed as a part of the current study.Data evaluation showed that the formation of GHB was largely dependent on the type of tap water. For example, there was a negative correlation between the kinetics of the GHB formation and the alkalinity of the tap waters (r2=0.990). This could be explained by a faster decrease in pH in the waters with low buffering capacity (i.e. low alkalinity), which catalysed the hydrolysis of GBL. Equilibrium was reached after 40-250 days depending on the initial GBL concentration and the type of tap water. The level of the equilibrium appeared to be dependent on the initial GBL concentration and ranged from 26 to 37%.Gained knowledge on the levels of the GHB/GBL equilibrium and the kinetics of the formation of GHB in tap water solutions of GBL, including the influence of the tap water quality, may be useful information for casework with the GHB/GBL problem in focus.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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Amide Bond Replacements Incorporated into CCK-B Selective “Dipeptoids”

This paper describes the chemical synthesis and CCK-B and CCK-A receptor binding affinities of a series of compounds in which the central amide bond of the CCK-B “dipeptoid” ligand tricyclo<3.3.1.13,7>dec-2-yl–<2<<1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenylethyl>amino>-1-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl>carbamate (4) (CCK-B IC50 = 852 nM), and tricyclo<3.3.1.13,7>dec-2-yl(R)-<1-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1-methyl-2-oxo-2-<(2-phenylethyl)amino>ethyl>carbamate (23) (CCK-B IC50 = 32 nM) is replaced by 11 different amide replacements.These replacements are the methyleneamino (CH2NH ), the reverse amide (NHCO), the ester (COO), the N-methylamide (CONMe), the thioamide (CSNH), the N-acetylmethyleneamino (CH2NAc), the cis double bond (CHCH), the ethylene (CH2CH2), the thiolester (COS), the hydroxyethylene (CHOHCH2), and a 4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole.Most of the replacements have weaker affinity and reduced selectivity for the CCK-B receptor than the parent amide.However, this affinity can be improved by appending a fumarate side chain to the phenethyl group e.g. tricyclo<3.3.1.13,7>dec-2-yl-3-(1H-indol-3-yl-methyl)-3-methyl-4,9-dioxo-7-phenyl-5,13-dioxa-2,8-diazatetradec-10-enoate (36) (CCK-B IC50 = 38.8 nM).Replacement of the amide of compound 4 with a 4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole gives tricyclo<3.3.1.13,7>dec-2-yl-<1-<4,5-dihydro-4-(phenylmethyl)-2-thiazolyl>-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl>carbamate (5), which is selective for the CCK-A receptor (CCK-A IC50 = 125 nM, CCK-B IC50 = 2580 nM, ratio = 21).The methyleneamino and hydroxyetylene replacements, which have been used elsewhere as transition-state inhibitors of enzymes, are poor mimics of the amide in these CCK-B receptor ligands.Some of the steric, lipophilic, and and hydrogen bonding properties of amide replacements incorporated into the simple amide, N-methylacetamide, have been quantified with the aid of molecular modeling.These data will contribute to the rational selection of amide bond replacements in other substrates.

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Reference£º
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Synthetic Route of 20439-47-8, A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 20439-47-8, Name is (1R,2R)-Cyclohexane-1,2-diamine, molecular formula is C6H14N2. In a Article£¬once mentioned of 20439-47-8

Polythiophene hybrids of transition-metal bis(salicylidenimine)s: Correlation between structure and electronic properties

The synthesis, electrochemistry, and spectroscopic behavior of tetradentate bis(salicylidenimine) transition metal complexes 5-9 are reported. Appending these complexes with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) moieties allows for electrochemical polymerization at much lower potentials than the parent salen complexes. The resulting polymers display well-defined organic-based electrochemistry at potentials <0.5 V vs Fc/Fc+. The EDOT- modified N,N'-ethylene bis(salicylidene), N,N'-o-phenylene bis(salicylidene), and N,N'-trans-cyclohexylene bis(salicylidene) complexes 5a-b, 6a-b, and 8a-b display cyclic voltammograms with four organic-based redox waves. Increasing the interchain separation through the use of nonplanar bis(salicylidene) ligands results in only two redox waves. The conductivity of the copper-based polymers decreases with increasing interchain spacing, with the maximum conductivity being 92 S cm-1 for poly(5a) and 16 S cm-1 for poly(7a). The nickel complexes were less sensitive to increased interchain separation and showed conductivities greater than 48 S cm-1 regardless of the interchain spacing and near 100 S cm-1 in the case of poly(6b). In situ spectroelectrochemistry was consistent with the segmented electronic nature of these polymers. Cyclic voltammetry of an analogous uranyl complex, 5c, revealed that two electrons per repeat unit were removed during oxidation. Consideration of our collective investigations, which also included in situ EPR spectroscopic studies, led to a postulation that pi-aggregation processes are occurring in those polymers which are allowed to have close interchain spacing. Note that a catalyst decreases the activation energy for both the forward and the reverse reactions and hence accelerates both the forward and the reverse reactions.Synthetic Route of 20439-47-8, you can also check out more blogs about20439-47-8

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

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A Covalent Organic Framework Bearing Single Ni Sites as a Synergistic Photocatalyst for Selective Photoreduction of CO2 to CO

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into energy-rich carbon compounds has attracted increasing attention. However, it is still a challenge to selectively and effectively convert CO2 to a desirable reaction product. Herein, we report a design of a synergistic photocatalyst for selective reduction of CO2 to CO by using a covalent organic framework bearing single Ni sites (Ni-TpBpy), in which electrons transfer from photosensitizer to Ni sites for CO production by the activated CO2 reduction under visible-light irradiation. Ni-TpBpy exhibits an excellent activity, giving a 4057 mumol g-1 of CO in a 5 h reaction with a 96% selectivity over H2 evolution. More importantly, when the CO2 partial pressure was reduced to 0.1 atm, 76% selectivity for CO production is still obtained. Theoretical calculations and experimental results suggest that the promising catalytic activity and selectivity are ascribed to synergistic effects of single Ni catalytic sites and TpBpy, in which the TpBpy not only serves as a host for CO2 molecules and Ni catalytic sites but also facilitates the activation of CO2 and inhibits the competitive H2 evolution.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Catalysts function by providing an alternate reaction mechanism that has a lower activation energy than would be found in the absence of the catalyst. In some cases, the catalyzed mechanism may include additional steps.In a article, 1119-97-7, molcular formula is C17H38BrN, introducing its new discovery. Product Details of 1119-97-7

Molecular aggregation of alkyltrimethylammonium bromide and alcohol in the solid state

Alkyltrimethylammonium bromide CnH2n+1N+ Me3Br- (1, n =10, 12, 14, 16 and 18) and primary alcohol CmH2m+1OH (2, m = 8-18) were found to form 1:1 crystalline complexes which show clear melting points. Separation of primary alcohol from a mixture with secondary alcohol was achieved very efficiently by complexation with ammonium salts.

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Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Application of 15862-18-7, A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 15862-18-7, Name is 5,5′-Dibromo-2,2′-bipyridine, molecular formula is C10H6Br2N2. In a Article£¬once mentioned of 15862-18-7

Microsecond charge recombination in a linear triarylamine-Ru(bpy) 32+-anthraquinone triad

Linear triads with ruthenium photosensitizers are frequently based on the Ru(terpyridine)22+ unit. We report on vectorial photoinduced electron transfer in a linear triad based on the Ru(bipyridine)32+ photosensitizer. Electron-hole separation over a 22 A-distance is established with a quantum yield greater than 64% and persists for 1.3 mus in acetonitrile. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011.

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Reference£º
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI