Category: catalyst-ligand

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Synthesis of the enantiomers of 4-substituted γ-lactones with known absolute configuration, published in 1978, which mentions a compound: 32780-06-6, mainly applied to lactone alkyl alkenyl; deer pheromone enantiomeric composition, Formula: C5H8O3.

The highly pure enantiomers of several 4-alkyl and 4-alkenyl γ-lactones of known absolute configuration were prepared from glutamic acid enantiomers. The key step was selective p-toluenesulfonate displacement rather than ring opening of the lactone p-toluenesulfonate by Li dialkyl- or dialkenylcuprate. The enantiomeric purity of γ-caprolactone thus prepared was confirmed within the limitations of Pirkle’s chiral solvating agent. The enantiomers of (Z)-6-dodecen-4-olide were used for reference to determine the enantiomeric composition of the pheromone isolated from the black-tailed deer.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Wang, Xiaoyu; Qin, Yaqiong; Nie, Cong; Guo, Junwei; Pan, Lining; Xie, Fuwei; Wang, Sheng; Wang, Bing; Zhao, Xiaodong; Wang, Baolin; Jia, Guotao researched the compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine( cas:494-52-0 ).Related Products of 494-52-0.They published the article 《Smokeless tobacco analysis: Simultaneous extraction and purification of alkaloids, volatile N-nitrosamines, and polycyclic hydrocarbons for GC-MS/MS》 about this compound( cas:494-52-0 ) in Journal of Separation Science. Keywords: smokeless tobacco alkaloid nitrosamine polycyclic hydrocarbon; Alkaloids; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Simultaneous extraction; Smokeless tobacco product; Volatile nitrosoamines. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:494-52-0).

Several smokeless tobacco products are available in the market and comprise complex chem. matrixes. Sample preparation for anal. of the multiple classes of harmful compounds in smokeless tobacco products is highly cumbersome. In this study, a simultaneous extraction scheme was developed for three toxic analyte classes in smokeless tobacco products using a two-phase solution consisting of 5% aqueous NaOH and dichloromethane in a 1:4 ratio. The dichloromethane extract was used to analyze four alkaloids directly at levels greater than ppm; however, passing the layer through a silica cartridge for further purification and concentration was necessary for determining 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and four volatile N-nitrosoamines at the ppt level. The multitargets were determined by using gas chromatog. with tandem mass spectrometry. The limits of detection for the 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, four volatile N-nitrosoamines, three minor alkaloids, and nicotine were 0.2-1.2, 0.2-0.4, 0.6-1.0, and 10.2μg/g, resp. Four different smokeless tobacco substrates were fortified with three levels of mixed standards, and the recoveries ranged between 83 and 110%. The method was highly efficient, reduced the sample amounts, solvents, and the time required by approx. 60%. The method was used to assay 18 smokeless tobacco products, and showed potentials in assaying drugs and other plant-based substrates.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Vaduvescu, Simona; Potvin, Pierre G. published an article about the compound: 4-(p-Tolyl)-2,2:6,2-terpyridine( cas:89972-77-0,SMILESS:CC1=CC=C(C2=CC(C3=NC=CC=C3)=NC(C4=NC=CC=C4)=C2)C=C1 ).Reference of 4-(p-Tolyl)-2,2:6,2-terpyridine. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:89972-77-0) through the article.

Four ditopic bridging ligands, containing 2,2′:6′,2”-terpyridine and 2,6-dipyrazinylpyridine (dpp) metal-binding units attached through p- or m-phenylene linkages, were incorporated into eight mono-, di- and trinuclear linear Ru(II) complexes. These were characterized by UV/visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, and by their ability to undergo light-induced electron transfers to methylviologen. The dpp-bearing complexes were more difficult to prepare but were superior sensitizers, a fact attributable to longer excited state lifetimes and an electrostatically favored reductive quenching pathway.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

SDS of cas: 2834-05-1. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 11-Bromoundecanoic acid, is researched, Molecular C11H21BrO2, CAS is 2834-05-1, about Cysteine Derivatized 99mTc-Labelled Fatty Acids as β-Oxidation Markers. Author is Tsotakos, Theodoros; Triantis, Charalambos; Kiritsis, Christos; Panagiotopoulou, Aggeliki; Psimadas, Dimitrios; Kyprianou, Patricia; Pelecanou, Maria; Papadopoulos, Minas; Pirmettis, Ioannis.

With the aim of developing 99mTc-labeled fatty acids intended for myocardial metabolism imaging we report herein the synthesis and characterization of two novel derivatives of undecanonoic and hexadecanonoic acid that have been functionalized at the ω-site by cysteine through the formation of a thioether bond (Cys-FA11 and Cys-FA16). Equimolar amounts of each ligand and the [NEt4]2[Re(CO)3Br3] precursor generated the resp. hexacoordinated neutral complexes in which the ligand coordinated to the metal through the SNO donor system of cysteine. The rhenium complexes were characterized by elemental anal., IR and NMR spectroscopies. The analogus technetium-99m complexes, 99mTc-Cys-FA11 and 99mTc-Cys-FA16 were prepared by incubation of the ligand with the precursor [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ (radiochem. yield ≥98%). Their structure was established by comparative HPLC techniques. In vivo studies in mice showed high initial heart uptake for both 99mTc complexes (7.4 ±plusmn; 0.53 and 7.07 &± 0.73 percentage of injected dose (%ID)/g at 1 min post) injection. Rapid clearance (0.60 ± 0.02%ID/g) was observed for 99mTc-Cys-FA11 while the clearance of the longer fatty acid 99mTc-Cys-FA16 was slower (2.31 ±0.09%ID/g at 15 min p.i.). Metabolite anal. study indicated that complexes were catabolized through the β-oxidation process.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Reference of (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: (S)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, is researched, Molecular C5H8O3, CAS is 32780-06-6, about Identification and expression of a CHMO from the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain Pa1242: application to the bioconversion of Cyrene into a key precursor (S)-γ-hydroxymethyl-butyrolactone. Author is Mouterde, Louis M. M.; Couvreur, Julien; Langlait, Maxime M. J.; Brunois, Fanny; Allais, Florent.

A sequence from the complete genome of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain Pa1242 was identified to code for a potentially new cyclohexanone monooxygenase (CHMO). The latter was discovered using the Basic Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) with the DNA sequence of the CHMO from Acinetobacter sp. NCIB 9871 as the parent sequence considering that this enzyme family maintains a relatively high query cover (>95%) and identity percentage (>50%) among many different microorganisms. This was confirmed by the bioconversion of the cellulose-based green solvent Cyrene into a key precursor (S)-γ-hydroxymethyl-butyrolactone (2H-HBO) using a new strain of E. coli BL21(DE3) containing a plasmid designed for the overexpression of the unprecedented CHMO (pLM7). Besides confirming the CHMO activity of this novel sequence, this bioconversion allows the obtention of 2H-HBO while maintaining the naturalness of the process. The optimal culture conditions were assessed through a Design of Experiments (DoE), and the control of the pH and O2 level allowed to reach a working concentration of 20 g L-1 of Cyrene with total conversion and a productivity rate of 401 ± 36 mg L-1 h-1.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Bertrand, Helene; Monchaud, David; De Cian, Anne; Guillot, Regis; Mergny, Jean-Louis; Teulade-Fichou, Marie-Paule published the article 《The importance of metal geometry in the recognition of G-quadruplex-DNA by metal-terpyridine complexes》. Keywords: terpyridine derivative ligand preparation transition metal complex; DNA binding terpyridine derivative ligand transition metal complex.They researched the compound: 4-(p-Tolyl)-2,2:6,2-terpyridine( cas:89972-77-0 ).Recommanded Product: 4-(p-Tolyl)-2,2:6,2-terpyridine. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:89972-77-0) here.

A family of terpyridine metallo-organic complexes (of Cu, Pt, Ru and Zn) was designed and its recognition properties of G-quadruplex-DNA studied. The series combines easy synthetic access and good affinity-selectivity ratio for quadruplex-DNA. The authors’ study also highlights that the geometry of the metal center strongly governs the ability of the compounds to discriminate quadruplex from duplex-DNA.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Recommanded Product: 494-52-0. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: (S)-3-(Piperidin-2-yl)pyridine, is researched, Molecular C10H14N2, CAS is 494-52-0, about An essay on ecosystem availability of Nicotiana glauca graham alkaloids: the honeybees case study. Author is Kasiotis, Konstantinos M.; Evergetis, Epameinondas; Papachristos, Dimitrios; Vangelatou, Olympia; Antonatos, Spyridon; Milonas, Panagiotis; Haroutounian, Serkos A.; Machera, Kyriaki.

The present study is elaborating on this subject with a specific focus on the Nicotiana glauca Graham (Solanaceae) alkaloids and their occurrence and food chain penetrability in Mediterranean ecosystems. The method exhibited satisfactory recoveries, for all analytes, ranging from 75 to 93%, and acceptable repeatability and reproducibility. Four compounds (anabasine, anatabine, nornicotine, and scopoletin) were identified and quantified in 3 N. glauca flowers extracts, establishing them as potential sources of alien bio-mols. The most abundant constituent was anabasine, determined at 3900 μg/g in the methanolic extract These extracts were utilized as feeding treatments on Apis mellifera honeybees, resulting in mild toxicity documented by 16-18% mortality. A slightly increased effect was elicited by the methanolic extract containing anabasine at 20 μg/mL, where mortality approached 25%. Dead bees were screened for residues of the N. glauca flower extracts compounds and a significant mean concentration of anabasine was evidenced in both 10 and 20 μg/mL treatments, ranging from 51 to 92 ng/g per bee body weight Scopoletin was also detected in trace amounts Conclusions: The mild toxicity of the extracts in conjunction with the alkaloid and coumarin residual detection in bees, suggest that these alien bio-mols. are transferred within the food chain, suggesting a chem. invasion phenomenon, never reported before.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: 4-(p-Tolyl)-2,2:6,2-terpyridine, is researched, Molecular C22H17N3, CAS is 89972-77-0, about Synthesis, crystal structure and electrochemical behavior of two new Ni-based complexes: [Ni2(ttpy)2(SCN)4] and [Ni(ttpy)2](CH3OH)2(2I), the main research direction is nickel tolylterpyridine complex preparation crystal structure cyclic voltammetry.Computed Properties of C22H17N3.

A simple synthetic procedure was used to prepare two new nickel(II) complexes [Ni2(ttpy)2(SCN)4], (1) and [Ni(ttpy)2](CH3OH)2(2I), (2) from 4′-p-tolyl-2,2′:6′,2”-terpyridine (ttpy) ligand, potassium thiocyanate, and potassium iodide in good yields. The single crystal x-ray analyses reveal that the metals in these complexes are sixfold coordinated with M:L ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 for (1) and (2), resp. In both complexes, the Ni(II) has distorted octahedral geometry including N5S and N6 environments. Versatile interactions in supramol. level containing coordinative bonding, I···H, and N···H hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking play considerable roles in forming crystal packing of (1) and (2). From obtained data differences in coordination abilities, of used counterions, cause the formation of complexes with 1:1 or 1:2 ratio of metal and ligand. Electrochem. behaviors of the both complexes were studied.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 89972-77-0, is researched, SMILESS is CC1=CC=C(C2=CC(C3=NC=CC=C3)=NC(C4=NC=CC=C4)=C2)C=C1, Molecular C22H17N3Journal, Yingxiang Kexue Yu Guang Huaxue called Investigation on mixed-valence charge transfer state of cobalt(II)-bis[4′-ferrocenyl-2,2′: 6′,2”-terpyridyl] complex, Author is Liu, Xian-yu; Wang, Jiu-ju; Li, Zhi-jun; Zhang, Li-ping; Tong, Zhen-he; Wu, Li-zhu, the main research direction is mixed valence charge transfer cobalt ferrocenyl terpyridyl complex.Name: 4-(p-Tolyl)-2,2:6,2-terpyridine.

Cobalt(II)-bis[4′-ferrocenyl-2,2′: 6′,2”-terpyridyl] complex 1 and reference complexes cobalt(II)-bis[4′-(4-methylphenyl)-2,2′: 6′,2”-terpyridyl] (2) and cobalt(II)-bis[2,2′: 6′,2”-terpyridyl] (3) were designed and synthesized. Complex 1 exhibits obvious low-energy absorption from 500 to 700 nm due to introduction of electro-donating ferrocenyl group, which could be switched to mixed-valence charge transfer state ranged from 500 to 800 nm upon partial oxidation

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: 11-Bromoundecanoic acid, is researched, Molecular C11H21BrO2, CAS is 2834-05-1, about n-Type Redox-active Benzoylpyridinium-substituted Supramolecular Gel for an Organogel-based Rechargeable Device.Reference of 11-Bromoundecanoic acid.

A supramol. benzoylpyridinium-substituted cyclohexanediamine gelator with n-type redox properties was synthesized. The gelator formed a robust supramol. network consisting of cyclohexanediamine units. In the organogel, the stable redox reactions of the benzoylpyridinium moieties led to a reversible charge/discharge at -1.05 V (vs.Fc/Fc+). A supramol.-based rechargeable device was fabricated using TEMPO- and benzoylpyridinium-substituted gelators as the cathode and anode, resp., giving rise to a flexible, transparent, and even self-healable battery.

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Reference:
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI