Catalysts function by providing an alternate reaction mechanism that has a lower activation energy than would be found in the absence of the catalyst. In some cases, the catalyzed mechanism may include additional steps.In a article, 18531-94-7, molcular formula is C20H14O2, introducing its new discovery. Quality Control of: (R)-[1,1′-Binaphthalene]-2,2′-diol
This work reports the asymmetric ring-opening reaction of meso-epoxides with aromatic amines by using the highly efficient in situ generated (R)-(+)-BINOL-Sc(OTf)3-N-methylmorpholine complex. The asymmetric ring opening of cis-stilbene oxide with various substituted aromatic amines gave enantioenriched beta-amino alcohols in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities when the reaction was conducted at 0 C for 12 h. The reaction proceeded under mild conditions using simple and inexpensive starting materials such as (R)-(+)-1,1?-bi-2-naphthol [(R)-(+)-BINOL], meso-stilbene oxide, aniline derivatives, and 4 A molecular sieves. This new and versatile catalytic system has competitive advantages such as short reaction times, no additives, and no expensive chiral ligands that require a multistep synthesis under harsh reaction conditions. A simple and efficient protocol was developed for the asymmetric ring opening of a meso-epoxide with various amines using a chiral scandium complex. The system was optimized with respect to various reaction parameters. Under mild conditions, the reaction afforded a wide variety of enantiomerically pure beta-amino alcohols in high yields and with excellent enantioselectivities. Copyright
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Reference：
Metal catalyst and ligand design,
Ligand Template Strategies for Catalyst Encapsulation – NCBI